ESXI中安装了一个Ubuntu Server，安装的时候选择了LVM
desktop版：
安装后发现，明明ESXI中置备了32GB的磁盘，实际可使用只有20GB
通过 df -h 命令，发现/dev/mapper/ubuntu–vg-ubuntu–lv分区确实只有20G空间，已经用了17G，只剩下2G空间了。
~$ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 941M 0 941M 0% /dev tmpfs 198M 2.1M 195M 2% /run /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 20G 17G 2.0G 90% / tmpfs 986M 0 986M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock tmpfs 986M 0 986M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda2 974M 308M 600M 34% /boot /dev/loop0 56M 56M 0 100% /snap/core18/2785 /dev/loop2 64M 64M 0 100% /snap/core20/1974 /dev/loop1 56M 56M 0 100% /snap/core18/2790 /dev/loop3 64M 64M 0 100% /snap/core20/2015 /dev/loop4 92M 92M 0 100% /snap/lxd/24061 /dev/loop5 92M 92M 0 100% /snap/lxd/23991 /dev/sda1 511M 6.1M 505M 2% /boot/efi /dev/loop6 41M 41M 0 100% /snap/snapd/20092 /dev/loop7 41M 41M 0 100% /snap/snapd/20290 tmpfs 198M 0 198M 0% /run/user/1000
通过 lsblk 命令发现实际上这个磁盘sda和sda3是有30G空间的，只是划分了20G给ubuntu–vg-ubuntu–lv
~$ lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT loop0 7:0 0 55.7M 1 loop /snap/core18/2785 loop1 7:1 0 55.7M 1 loop /snap/core18/2790 loop2 7:2 0 63.5M 1 loop /snap/core20/1974 loop3 7:3 0 63.5M 1 loop /snap/core20/2015 loop4 7:4 0 91.9M 1 loop /snap/lxd/24061 loop5 7:5 0 91.8M 1 loop /snap/lxd/23991 loop6 7:6 0 40.9M 1 loop /snap/snapd/20092 loop7 7:7 0 40.9M 1 loop /snap/snapd/20290 sda 8:0 0 32G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 512M 0 part /boot/efi ├─sda2 8:2 0 1G 0 part /boot └─sda3 8:3 0 30.5G 0 part └─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 253:0 0 20G 0 lvm /
通过 vgdisplay 命令查看是否可以扩容
~$ sudo vgdisplay [sudo] password for adam: --- Volume group --- VG Name ubuntu-vg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 2 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size <30.50 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 7807 Alloc PE / Size 5120 / 20.00 GiB Free PE / Size 2687 / <10.50 GiB VG UUID qt7jFa-URZd-eoFV-E3uc-zmS1-f1e2-YWQIEj
Free PE / Size 2687 / <10.50 GiB，可见可以扩容。
这里有一种特殊情况，如果动态在ESXI控制台调整了磁盘大小（例如32G调整到40G），此时 lsblk 命令只能看到sda变成40G，但是sda3还是30G
root@ubuntu:~# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS loop0 7:0 0 55.5M 1 loop /snap/core18/2979 loop1 7:1 0 55.5M 1 loop /snap/core18/2999 loop2 7:2 0 91.9M 1 loop /snap/lxd/38688 loop3 7:3 0 63.8M 1 loop /snap/core20/2717 loop4 7:4 0 48.4M 1 loop /snap/snapd/26382 loop5 7:5 0 63.8M 1 loop /snap/core20/2769 loop6 7:6 0 49.3M 1 loop /snap/snapd/26865 loop8 7:8 0 91.9M 1 loop /snap/lxd/38333 sda 8:0 0 40G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 512M 0 part /boot/efi ├─sda2 8:2 0 1G 0 part /boot └─sda3 8:3 0 30.5G 0 part └─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 252:0 0 30.5G 0 lvm /
此时通过 vgdisplay 命令看到的是不可扩容状态 Free PE / Size 0 / 0
root@ubuntu:~# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name ubuntu-vg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 3 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size <30.50 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 7807 Alloc PE / Size 7807 / <30.50 GiB Free PE / Size 0 / 0 VG UUID qt7jFa-URZd-eoFV-E3uc-zmS1-f1e2-YWQIEj
此时需要先通过 growpart 命令扩展sda3，之后 vgdisplay 命令就能看到变成可扩容状态 Free PE / Size 2048 / 8.00 GiB
root@ubuntu:~# sudo growpart /dev/sda 3 CHANGED: partition=3 start=3147776 old: size=63959040 end=67106815 new: size=80738271 end=83886046 root@ubuntu:~# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name ubuntu-vg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size <38.50 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 9855 Alloc PE / Size 7807 / <30.50 GiB Free PE / Size 2048 / 8.00 GiB VG UUID qt7jFa-URZd-eoFV-E3uc-zmS1-f1e2-YWQIEj
通过 lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/ubuntu–vg-ubuntu–lv 命令实现扩容
命令的用法是：
lvextend -L 10G /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv //增大或减小至10G lvextend -L +10G /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv //增加10G lvreduce -L -10G /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv //减小10G lvresize -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv //按百分比扩容 resize2fs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv //执行调整
~$ sudo lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv Size of logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv changed from 20.00 GiB (5120 extents) to <30.50 GiB (7807 extents). Logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv successfully resized.
通过 resize2fs 命令刷新
~$ sudo resize2fs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv resize2fs 1.45.5 (07-Jan-2020) Filesystem at /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv is mounted on /; on-line resizing required old_desc_blocks = 3, new_desc_blocks = 4 The filesystem on /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv is now 7994368 (4k) blocks long.
再次通过 df -h 查看，可见变成了30G
~$ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 941M 0 941M 0% /dev tmpfs 198M 2.1M 195M 2% /run /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 30G 17G 12G 59% / tmpfs 986M 0 986M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock tmpfs 986M 0 986M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda2 974M 308M 600M 34% /boot /dev/loop0 56M 56M 0 100% /snap/core18/2785 /dev/loop2 64M 64M 0 100% /snap/core20/1974 /dev/loop1 56M 56M 0 100% /snap/core18/2790 /dev/loop3 64M 64M 0 100% /snap/core20/2015 /dev/loop4 92M 92M 0 100% /snap/lxd/24061 /dev/loop5 92M 92M 0 100% /snap/lxd/23991 /dev/sda1 511M 6.1M 505M 2% /boot/efi /dev/loop6 41M 41M 0 100% /snap/snapd/20092 /dev/loop7 41M 41M 0 100% /snap/snapd/20290 tmpfs 198M 0 198M 0% /run/user/1000
ESXI中也变了：
参考文献：
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39718408/article/details/118699328
